Cigarette Smoking and Dyspnea Perception

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Cigarette Smoking and Dyspnea Perception

Cigarette smoking has been implicated as an important risk factor for the development of respiratory symptoms in adults. The relationship of dyspnea with cigarette smoking has been examined in smokers and ex-smokers and the beneficial effects of smoking cessation have been demonstrated. Recent studies reported that in subjects who smoke cigarettes the risk of developing respiratory symptoms is ...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Tobacco Induced Diseases

سال: 2004

ISSN: 1617-9625

DOI: 10.1186/1617-9625-2-1-35